THE+ENLIGHTENMENT+COFFEE+HOUSES

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The coffee houses were places, like nowadays, which their principal purpose was to serve coffee or another hot drink. However during the enlightenment the coffee houses were used like a centre of meetings due to the communication for news and information that the place provided. Any person who had a penny for the admission and reasonably well-dressed could enter to a coffee house to smoke, drink a coffee, read the newsletters and talk with the groups of persons in the place. Messengers and spies were sent to the coffee houses to report the most important events during the day like the victories in the battles or political riots also the newsletters and gazettes were distributed in the coffee houses. ======

The majority of the establishments, included in the price of the admission the bulletins announcing sales, sailings and auctions that covered the walls of the coffee house because of the valuable information that gave to the business person.

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The most important thing about the coffee houses was that permitted the propagation of news and with that, the dissemination of ideas and served as a forum of discussion. ======

//__HISTORY __//
The first English coffeehouse, named Angel, was established in Oxford, by an entrepreneur named Jacob, in 1650.

 Although coffee had been known in France since the 1640s, it was François Procope who established the first café in Paris, the Café Procope, in 1686.

 The Café Procope in particular became a centre of Enlightenment, welcoming such names as Voltaire and Rousseau during the Revolution. The Café Procope was also were Diderot and D’Alembert decided to create the Encyclopédie.

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POSTED BY: Maricruz Lira maricruz_lira88@yahoo.com



 The Café Procope appeared in Paris in 1689 like an adaptation of Oriental coffee houses.Its creator François Procope, who was first a lemonade vendor, had the license to sell water, spices, refreshments, ices and lemonade of course.  But then he added the most important drink that was the coffee, because it attracted a large number of personalities.

 Because of its location, the Café Procope became the place where many distinguished French actors, authors, dramatists, and musicians of the eighteenth century met and discussed their ideas of the time. It was a veritable literary salon.

 Some of the personalities who went to the Café Procope were:

Ø Voltaire Ø Rousseau, author and philosopher Ø Beaumarchais, dramatist and financier Ø Diderot, the author of the encyclopedia Ø <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">Benjamin Franklin, one of the world's foremost thinkers in the days of the American Revolution.

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;"> But then the coffee house during the last half of the nineteenth century lost its prestige and became to an ordinary restaurant.

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;"> The Restaurant Procope still survives at 13 rue de l'Ancienne Comédie. [|แพนเซียคอฟฟี่]

__//THE CAFÉ PROCOPE WEB PAGE//__
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POSTED BY: Leonardo Ordoñez leonardo1812@yahoo.com

Voltaire & Diderot

<span style="color: #5588aa; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 12pt;">[]


 * //__THE MOST SIGNIFICANT AND FAMOUS COFFEE HOUSES__//**

"Without a coffee break some work would just not get done"

Since the 15th century, the coffeehouse was largely a center of social interaction and traditionally a place where men would assemble to drink coffee and entertain themselves with conversation, music, reading and playing chess or discussing important things or making deals about the destination of each country.

**Baratti & Milano Caffe** is one of Turin’s most beautiful early Italian coffee house that was founded as a cafeteria in 1858 by Ferdinando Baratti and Edoardo Milano with the name “Fornitore della Real Casa” (Supplier of the Royal House). In 1875 it moved to its present location between the Piazza del Castello and the Galleria Subalpina.
 * ITALIAN COFFEE HOUSES**


 * [[image:http://www.mattmarko.com/gallery/albums/Venice/Cafe_Florian.jpg width="191" height="217"]]Caffe Florian** is the most famous Italian coffee house still operating on the Piazza San Marco in the shadow of the Campanile. It was opened by Floriano Francesconi on 29 December 1720. It is a prime contender for the world’s longest continuing coffee house with its 287 years of coffee service to its Venetian. It is also home to the [|Venice Biennale], an exhibition of contemporary art that has been running since 1893. Famous patrons included Marcel Proust, Charles Dickens and the Venice born womanizer Giovanni Giacomo Casanova.


 * = [[image:http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/14j3i4hyjvi88/mcw0xb/pedrocchipadova.jpg width="210" height="125" link="http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/14j3i4hyjvi88/mcw0xb/pedrocchipadova.jpg"]] ||
 * = //Pedrocchi Coffee House - Padua.// ||
 * Pedrocchi Café** located in Padua that was started by Franceso Pedrochin in 1760. The Pedrocchi Café is one of the biggest coffee houses in the world. A building of 19th century . Its had a rooms that are decorated in various styles and show the great ecleptism of Giuseppe Jappelli, the famous architect who project managed the building. The coffee house is historically known for having been the centre of the 1848 riots in Padua as well as for having been the meeting point of great artists such as the French novelist Stendhal, the English poet Lord Byron, the Italian Nobel prize winner Dario Fo.

Another Coffee House is **Caffe Greco**. It was opened on 84 Via dei Condotti in the Piazza di Spagna in Rome Italy in 1760 by Nicola della Maddalena. Still trading today and boasting famous past patrons including; Keats, Shelley, Lord Byron, Ricard Wagner, Franz Liszt along with the infamous King Ludwi. It is the oldest and acclaimed as the most elegant café in Rome.Felix Mendelssohn, Mark Twain, Orson Wells, the composer Rossini and Hans Christian Andersen who is said to have lived on the upper levels. Even Goethe enjoyed his coffee here when travelling through Italy in 1786.


 * ENGLISH COFFEE HOUSES**


 * = [[image:http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/14j3i4hyjvi88/mcw0xb/lloyds.jpg width="146" height="85"]] ||
 * = //Front Lloyd's Coffee House// ||
 * Edward Lloyd’ Coffee House** was opened by Edward Lloyd near the Thames on Tower Street in London in 1685. It was from this coffee house that Edward Lloyd launched his "Lloyd's List" in 1696 which was filled with information on ship arrivals and departures and included some intelligence on conditions abroad and at sea. This list was eventually enlarged to provide daily news on stock prices, foreign markets, and high-water times at London Bridge and reports of accidents and sinkings.

It derived its fame as the gathering place for such literary figures as Samuel Johnson, his biographer Boswell, Oliver Goldsmith, the actor David Garrick, Edmund Burke, and Sir Joshua Reynolds the painter. Other members of the circle were Thomas Percy, historian Edward Gibbon, and economist Adam Smith.
 * Turk's Head Coffee House** was a name used by many coffee houses at the height of coffee’s popularity in London in the 18th century. Possibility the most famous one of these traded in the Strand in London from 1763 to 1783.


 * St. Michael’s Alley Coffee House** is England’s first coffee house and was opened in Cornhill London in 1652. It was opened by a Mr. Bowman or Pasqua Rosee although the weight of evidence suggests Pasqua Rosee. The coffee house is famous for being the first known coffee advertising or prospectus in England with the original document, ‘The Virtue of the Coffee Drink’, still being on display in the British Museum.


 * = [[image:http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/14j3i4hyjvi88/mcw0xb/queens-lane.jpg width="215" height="107" link="http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/14j3i4hyjvi88/mcw0xb/queens-lane.jpg"]] ||
 * = //Queen's Lane Coffee House// ||
 * Queen's Lane Coffee House** is a historic coffee house dating from 1654 located on Queen's Lane which is a historic street in central Oxford, England. It was named after Queen's College located to the south and west and is close to St. Edmund Hall one of the smallest colleges in Oxford. It is one of the oldest coffee houses in England and is the oldest still trading coffee house in Oxford, England. It is a popular coffee house with both Oxford University students and tourists.


 * Will’s Coffee House** was established by William Urwin in Russell Street, Covent Garden at the end of Bow Street London in 1660. Starting as Red Cow, then The Rose and finally Will's, it achieved a fame when the London's p<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">oets, patrons and critics made it their home. John Dryden was the literati genius and poet who made this coffee house the resort of the wits of his time and it was for a long time the open market for libels and lampoonshis stage for thirty years. Dryden shaped the public taste for thirty years and served as an inspiration to poets and writers of prose by passing judgment on the latest poem or play. So great was Dryden's reputation, and with it the reputation of Will's, that the most famous of England's men of letters, including Samuel Pepys, Congreve, Pope and Wycherly frequented the coffee house earning Will's the title "The Wit's Coffee House".

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> **Jonathan's Coffee House** was founded by Jonathan Miles, in Exchange Alley, around 1680. In its early years it was known more for its revolutionaries than for its businessmen which is why in 1696, several patrons were implicated in a plot to assassinate William III, and it was thought to be associated with the Popish Plots. In 1698, it was used by John Castaing to post the prices of stocks and commodities which was the first evidence of systematic exchange of securities in London, England. The coffee house was the centre for the speculations during the great “South Seas bubble" days of 1719-1720, and in 1745, during the panic caused by the Young Pretender's march on London, men won and lost fortunes in speculations on the rebellion's success. The coffee house building continued to serve as the scene of a lottery office after the departure of the jobbers in 1773 until it was ultimately destroyed by fire in 1778.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> **VIENNA COFFEE HOUSE**

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> **House under The Blue Bottle Coffee House** (‘//Hof zur Blauen Flasche '//) was one of the first and most notable coffee houses in Vienna and was opened at Schlossergassl near the cathedral in 1686 by Georg Franz Kolschitzky from Poland. Kulczycki's helped to popularize coffee in Austria and his coffee house soon became one of the most popular places in town. It is noted that Kulczycki served his mortar-ground coffee wearing a Turkish attire, which added to the exotic authenticity of his coffee brew. Another of his innovations was to serve coffee with milk which was a serving method unknown to the Turks or Austrians at that time. Vienna - Blue Bottle

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> **FRENCH COFFE HOUSE**

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> **Cafe Le Procope** is acknowledged as the first true coffee house and the oldest restaurant in Paris and located right at the heart of the famous Quartier Latin. It was opened in 1686 by Sicilian Francesco Procopio dei Coltelli, on a street then known then as rue des Fossés-Saint-Germain-des-Prés. The cafe faces the Theatre Francais, where it drew a clientele of artists and actors and so it became known as the "theatrical" coffee house although only for gentlemen. Today the coffee house sits on the now named rue de l'Ancienne Comédie. Throughout the eighteenth century the Procope became the meeting place of the intellectual establishment. The Phrygian cap, a symbol of Liberty, was first displayed at the Procope and became the meeting place of revolutionaries including the Cordeliers, Robespierre, Danton, Voltaire, Rousseau, Diderot and Marat. Alexander von Humboldt and George Sand were among the famous 19th-century regulars. It holds some claim to be the birthplace of the Encyclopédie, the first modern encyclopedia. Closing its doors briefly in the late 1800’s it remains today as an historical landmark of Paris.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> **USA COFFEE HOUSE** <span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> **City Tavern (Merchant’s Coffee House)** was opened in the mid 1770’s in Philadelphia USA. It was built on Second Street by several wealthy nabobs of the social and mercantile aristocracy because their previous gathering place, not only did the Tavern serve as the hub of the business community for about a half a century, it also played host to members of the First Continental Congress and such luminaries as Washington, Jefferson, Franklin, Lafayette and John Adams — he called it "The most genteel tavern in the country."


 * = [[image:http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/14j3i4hyjvi88/mcw0xb/tontinecoffeehousenyc1820820.jpg width="197" height="136" link="http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/14j3i4hyjvi88/mcw0xb/tontinecoffeehousenyc1820820.jpg"]] ||


 * = //The Old Tontine Coffee House// ||
 * The old Tontine Coffee House** was located at the northwest corner of Wall and Water Streets. The Tontine Coffee house is where the NY Stock Exchange was organized. The City Museum tells us “Some historians date the birth of the New York Stock Exchange to the issuance of bonds by Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1790.


 * = [[image:http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/14j3i4hyjvi88/mcw0xb/reggio.jpg width="258" height="167" link="http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/14j3i4hyjvi88/mcw0xb/reggio.jpg"]] ||


 * = //Cafe Reggio's - New York// ||


 * Café Reggio** a small coffee house in New York’s Greenwich Village, opened in 1927. It claims the title of “the original Cappuccino bar” because the owner Domenico Parisi imported and installed the first espresso machine in the United States. By the mid 50’s the Italian “La Pavoni” espresso machine, built in 1902, began offering espresso made the Italian way to a clientele including the Beats, Bob Dylan and the poet Joseph Brodsky. The original machine, an ornate brass-decorated beauty, still holds pride of place at Cafe Reggio’s today.


 * Some coffee houses are still in operation and are magnificient places that kept millions of greetings where occured historical facts that marked the history of the world.**

POSTED BY: Daniela Gamboa